Frontier

  1. AI is described as expanding finance’s production frontier
    Explore how AI expands financial production possibilities through data activation, efficiency gains, service restructuring, and risk optimization while navigating algorithmic bias and regulatory.
  2. ESG controversies raise banks' operating costs
    Stochastic frontier analysis of ESG controversies and banking cost efficiency reveals significant operating expense increases moderated by institutional quality and baseline ESG performance.
  3. A benchmark of expert-level academic questions to assess AI capabilities
    HLE benchmark reveals substantial gap between state-of-the-art LLMs and expert human performance on 2,500 closed-ended academic questions across mathematics, humanities, and natural sciences.