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Global tariffs converged long term, then diverged after 2018
Study analyzes global tariff dynamics from 1990-2020, revealing long-term convergence until 2018 when U.S. tariff escalation triggers fragmentation in the multilateral trading system.
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A model links colonial war, trade restrictions, and exclusive trading rights
Game-theoretic model of colonial wars and trade restrictions, analyzing how metropolises compete for colonial control and demonstrating three equilibrium outcomes under different trade valuations.
