Focal Interest
Focal Interest

Elite

  1. Indonesia’s dynastic politics coincided with democratic decline
    Examine how Indonesian political dynasties systematically manipulated democratic institutions from 2014-2024 while preserving electoral legitimacy through adaptive mechanisms and constitutional.
  2. Mass opinion shows little ideological structure
    Analysis of six million responses to Belgium's Voting Advice Application reveals voters lack ideological coherence while elites maintain consistent ideological structures.
  3. Confucianism presents tianming as both philosophical and religious
    Analysis of tianming (mandate of Heaven) in Confucianism reveals how it functioned as both philosophical concept and religious doctrine, reconciling intellectual and popular spirituality.
  4. Ordinary Germans adopted democratic habits without full democratic meaning
    Examines how ordinary Germans engaged with democratization during Allied occupation, revealing democracy functioned as performative rituals before becoming authentic political consciousness.