Counterfactual thinking

  1. Beyond Scores: Explainable Intelligent Assessment Strengthens Pre-service Teachers' Assessment Literacy
    Study examines how explainable intelligent assessment platform supports assessment literacy development in pre-service teachers through visualized reasoning and evidence-based reflection.
  2. Greater polling-place distance lowers in-person voting
    Geographic analysis shows that voting distance reduces in-person turnout by 1-3 percentage points per mile, with mail-in voting substitution when available.
  3. Mexico’s carbon tax reduced emissions; Colombia and Argentina showed no clear effect
    Analyze how carbon taxes in Mexico, Colombia, and Argentina affected emissions. Mexico's combined policy package reduced transport emissions 12%, while isolated taxes in other countries showed.
  4. Gender shapes household food spending in Türkiye
    Examine how gender shapes household food expenditure in Türkiye using neural networks and Bayesian analysis, revealing structural economic vulnerabilities beyond income constraints.
  5. Unpacking Rising Inequality: The Roles of Markups, Taxes, and Asset Prices
    Analyze rising inequality in France through markups, taxes, and asset prices using heterogeneous-agent modeling to decompose drivers of income and wealth concentration.
  6. Ukraine’s victory-oriented strategy was deemed unlikely to succeed
    Assesses structural feasibility of Ukraine's military victory strategy using frozen conflict analysis and counterfactual scenarios of Western military aid.